How to Apply for a Food Licence in India: Documentation and Benefits

A Food Licence is a mandatory requirement for every Food Business Operator (FBO) in India. Whether you run a small food stall or a large manufacturing unit, you need to register for a food licence if you wish to legally conduct any food-related business. This licence ensures that the food you handle is safe for consumption, and it helps the government monitor food safety standards across the country.

The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) regulates the issuance of food licences. All food businesses, including manufacturing, processing, packaging, storage, transportation, distribution, and sale of food items, need to obtain this licence. FBOs must also adhere to the rules and guidelines set by FSSAI to avoid penalties or losing their licence.

Types of Food Licences

There are three types of food licences that an FBO can apply for, depending on factors like the nature of the business, its annual turnover, and the number of branches:

1. Basic Registration: This is for small businesses with an annual turnover of up to Rs. 12 lakhs.
2. State Licence: For medium-sized businesses with an annual turnover between Rs. 12 lakhs and Rs. 20 crores.
3. Central Licence: Required for large businesses with an annual turnover of more than Rs. 20 crores, or for those involved in food imports and exports.

Rules for Applying for a Food Licence

Before applying for a food licence, the FBO must be aware of certain rules:

• Initial Inspection: FSSAI conducts an inspection to ensure that food businesses meet hygiene and safety standards. This initial check is crucial for obtaining the licence.
• Surprise Inspections: FSSAI also conducts random surprise checks. If the FBO fails to meet food safety guidelines during these inspections, the licence can be revoked.
• Annual Renewal: A food licence is valid for one year, after which it must be renewed. If the FBO’s business turnover exceeds the limit set for their licence type, they must upgrade their licence.

Documents Needed for Applying for a Food Licence

Applying for a food license, especially a Central Licence, requires various documents. Below is a list of the key documents needed:

1. Completed Form B: The main application form that needs to be filled and signed by the applicant.
2. Plan of the Processing Unit: A detailed layout of the unit, including dimensions and area allocation for different operations.
3. List of Directors/Partners/Proprietors: This includes their names, addresses, contact details, and photo IDs.
4. List of Equipment and Machinery: A detailed list of all the equipment and machinery used in the business.
5. List of Food Categories: A list of food products that the business intends to manufacture or sell.
6. Authority Letter: A letter authorizing a responsible person from the business to handle matters related to the licence.
7. Water Analysis Report: A report confirming the portability of water used in food processing.
8. Source of Raw Materials: Details of where raw materials like milk and meat are sourced from.
9. Recall Plan: A plan for recalling products if any issue arises with the food’s safety.
10. Ministry of Commerce Certificate: Required for 100% Export-Oriented Units (EOUs).
11. NOC/PA Document from FSSAI: No Objection Certificate or Product Approval, depending on the nature of the business.
12. IE Code from DGFT: Import Export Code, mandatory for businesses involved in importing or exporting food products.
13. Proof of Premises: Documents proving ownership or lease of the premises.
14. Partnership Deed/Affidavit of Proprietorship: Legal documents establishing the business structure.
15. Food Safety Management Plan: A plan outlining the business’s approach to maintaining food safety.
16. NOC from Municipality or Local Body: A No Objection Certificate from the local authorities.
17. Proof of Turnover and Transportation: Supporting documents for annual turnover and details of food transportation.
18. Declaration Form: A formal declaration that the business will comply with FSSAI’s food safety standards.

Benefits of Having a Food Licence

Apart from being a legal requirement, obtaining an FSSAI food licence offers several benefits to food businesses:

1. Builds Trust and Goodwill: A food licence enhances the credibility of a business. Consumers trust businesses that are FSSAI-certified because it guarantees that the food has met safety and hygiene standards.
2. Legal Advantages: With a food licence, businesses avoid legal issues and fines that come with non-compliance. It ensures that the business is operating according to the rules laid down by the government.
3. Business Expansion: An FSSAI licence allows businesses to expand, as it opens up new opportunities for partnerships, collaborations, and even export opportunities. Many large retailers and companies prefer working with FBOs that are FSSAI-certified.
4. Consumer Awareness: The FSSAI certification also helps in creating awareness among consumers about food safety. People are more likely to trust a brand that has been vetted by the FSSAI.

Applying for a food licence is a crucial step for anyone starting a food business in India. It ensures that the business complies with all food safety standards, which helps in building trust with consumers. By obtaining the required licence and submitting all necessary documents, food business operators can legally run their operations while enjoying the numerous benefits of being FSSAI-certified.